It is affected by the Caspian Sea. These walls also extend nearly 500 m (1640 ft) into the Caspian sea itself to protect Derbentâs harbor. Although the defensive use of the citadel is no longer required, authenticity of form and design is evident in the old buildings between the fortress walls. The fortress acquired the outlook preserved till nowadays. In 66-65 B.C., military expeditions to the Caucasus headed by Lucullus and Pompeus took place, one of their objectives was to conquer Derbent. The modern name of Derbent (from Persian dar, âgateâ, and band, âred, communication, barrierâ) is associated with a great fortification constructed in the 5th century by the Sasanian Empire. In 1796, during the Persian expedition, the town was captured by the Russian troops. Derbentâs splendid twin stone walls stretching from the mountains to the sea was built during this period. The ancient Greek historian Herodotus mentioned âDerbentsky passâ in the 5th century B.C. Wall in Naryn-Kala fortress View of Derbent city. In the late 19th century, the southern wall was demolished, and a modern city developed along the seafront and beyond the remaining wall. Archaeological excavations since the late 1970s have confirmed Derbentâs nearly 2,000 years of continuous history as urban settlement, the oldest in Russia and one of the most ancient in the region. It was the largest medieval town in the Caucasus with developed crafts and agriculture. This answer pleased Timur so much that he didn’t destroy Derbent, but even ordered his workers to rebuilt the destroyed walls instead. It is the only preserved monument of ancient Persian fortification architecture. Derbent Historical and Architectural Museum (Rzayeva Street, 7). The walls extend 500 m into the Caspian Sea to protect the harbour and the mountain wall continues 40 km west, over the mountains, defending the northern borders from warlike nomads by completely blocking the pass between the sea and the mountains. On August 23, 1722, Peter I arrived in Derbent with a large army. In the early Middle Ages, struggle for the Caucasus was continued by Byzantine and Iraq. Archaeological research is ongoing for non-excavated parts that conserve the authentic remains of the original buildings. In 2003, UNESCO included the old part of Derbent with traditional buildings in the World Heritage List, highlighting the following sites: Derbent Wall - a double wall built in the Sassanid times that completely closed the Caspian pass and went far into the sea forming a port. Directed by Martin Scorsese. These defense lines are known from tradition and archaeological evidence. Its destruction began after the Russian conquest, when the growing lower part of the city of the European type, not fitting ⦠Post-Conflict and Post-Disaster Responses, Astronomy and World Heritage Thematic Initiative, Human Evolution: Adaptations, Dispersals and Social Developments (HEADS), Initiative on Heritage of Astronomy, Science and Technology, Initiative on Heritage of Religious Interest, Natural World Heritage in the Congo Basin, Recommendation on the Historic Urban Landscape, Reducing Disasters Risks at World Heritage Properties, World Heritage and Sustainable Development, World Heritage and Sustainable Tourism Programme, World Heritage Centreâs Natural Heritage Strategy, World Heritage Earthen Architecture Programme (WHEAP). It owes its rich history to its strategic position, along the travel route between Europe and the Middle East, on the border of Europe and Asia, where the mountains of the Caucasus almost arrive at the coast leaving a narrow 3-km strip of plain. It is not permitted to go in as it is in working order. Hasta finales del siglo XIX este sitio tuvo una gran importancia en el plano estratégico. De citadel, oude stad en de vestingswerken van Derbent maakten deel uit van de noordelijke linies van het Sassanidische Perzische Rijk, dat zich uitstrekte ten oosten en westen van de Kaspische Zee. The Derbent wall in Uzbekistan is marked on this map, and the Himalayan mountains are North of India and run into Pakistan, it is the dark raised Area on the map. They were networks of fortifications, walls, and/or ditches built opposite the territory of the enemies. The modern name of Derbent (from Persian dar, âgateâ, and band, âred, communication, barrierâ) is associated with a great fortification constructed in the 5th century by the Sasanian Empire. In 1735, Derbent became part of Iran again. De oude stad werd tussen deze twee verdedigingsmuren gebouwd en heeft een deel van haar middeleeuwse structuur behouden. Derbent is renown for its citadel (âNaryn-Kalaâ or âDagh Baryâ in Persian) and its imposing walls that date from the 6th century CE. Criterion (iii): The site of the ancient city of Derbent has been crucial for the control of the north-south passage on the west side of the Caspian Sea since the 1st millennium BCE. Museum of History of World Cultures and Religions (Mira Street, 3). Stone, the primary building material for the walls and historic buildings, is visible throughout the site. Peter I paid his attention at its historical monuments. Committee sessions
Statutory Documents
Committee decisions
More sessions...
44th session (2020)
14th Extraordinary session (2020)
43rd session (2019)
42nd session (2018), General Assembly
23rd GA UNESCO Paris (2021)
22nd GA UNESCO Paris (2019)
21st GA UNESCO Paris (2017), About World Heritage
The Convention, Convention Text
Policy Compendium
Operational Guidelines
The Emblem
The States Parties
The Advisory Bodies
The Centre
Employment & Internships
Who's Who, The List
World Heritage List
World Heritage in Danger
New Inscriptions
Criteria for Selection
Tentative Lists
World Heritage List Nominations, Reporting & Monitoring
State of Conservation (SOC)
Periodic Reporting
Questionnaires 2008-2015
Reactive Monitoring
Africa
Arab States
Asia & Pacific
Latin America and the Caribbean
Europe and North America, Partnerships
Become a Partner
What Partners Do
Our Partners, Activities
All our activities
Volunteer
Group Tools. Before the mosque, there is a madrassas of the 15th century. All rights reserved. The site of the ancient city of Derbent has been crucial for the control of the north-south passage on the west side of the Caspian Sea since the 1st millennium BCE. During the 6th century, wall construction, for both the city walls and citadel, was characterized by dry armor-clad brickwork (poke and spoons) made of big rectangular blocks with ragged stone on lime mortar in its internal backfilling. Museum of Culture and Life of Ancient Derbent (Rzayeva Street, 7). Republic Lezgin State Music and Drama Theater named after Suleyman Stalsky. The ancient city of Derbent and its defence structures are the most significant section of the strategic defence systems designed and built in the Sasanian Empire along their northern limes, and maintained during the successive governments until the Russian occupation in the 19th century. For he is our peace, who has made both one, and has broken down the middle wall of partition between us; our. The only wall, however, so far explored by underwater archaeologists is the Tammishe Wall. We imagine them to be impregnable, but they are in fact porous. The defence structures that were built by the Sasanians in the 5th century CE were in continuous use by the succeeding Persian, Arabic, Mongol, and Timurid governments for some fifteen centuries. Derbentâs status as a World Heritage property and a monument of federal importance under State protection allows the conservation of all architectural objects and the archaeological and cultural layers that reflect cityâs evolution. Scientists and professionals who came with his escort made the first description of historical monuments. The level of authenticity of the complex is high. Ðн пÑодолжал бÑÑÑ Ð²Ð°Ð¶Ð½Ñм в ÑÑÑаÑегиÑеÑком оÑноÑении меÑÑом вплоÑÑ Ð´Ð¾ XIX в. National composition of Derbent population (2010): Lezgins (33.7%), Azerbaijanis (32.3%), Tabasarans (15.8%), Dargins (5.6%), Russians (3.7%), Aguls (3.2%), Armenians (1.2%), Jews (1.1%), Rutuls (0.8%), others (2.6%). камнÑ, вклÑÑаÑÑ Ð´Ð²Ðµ кÑепоÑÑнÑе ÑÑенÑ, коÑоÑÑе идÑÑ Ð¿Ð°ÑаллелÑно дÑÑг дÑÑÐ³Ñ Ð¾Ñ Ð±ÐµÑега моÑÑ Ð´Ð¾ гоÑ. For the district in Konya Province, Turkey, see Derbent, Konya. Wall in Naryn-Kala fortress and view of Derbent city. This temple was captured by the Arabs and converted into a mosque. The museum-reserve also takes care of the conservation of its historical and cultural heritage, regularly monitors the technical condition of the monuments and the whole territory, and provides access to the cultural interests and their participation in cultural life. Juma Mosque - the most ancient mosque in Russia. Within the citadel, the ruins and archaeological remains of a number of buildings are found, including the Khanâs Palace, a bath, several underground water tanks, a 5th-century Christian church, and an 8th-century mosque, one of the earliest in the former Soviet Union. Inside, you can see preserved baths, water tanks in case of siege, and the ruins of ancient buildings. In 66-65 B.C., military expeditions to the Caucasus headed by Lucullus and Pompeus took place, one of their objectives was to conquer Derbent. United Nations, Dagestan, Eastern Caucasus, Western coast of Caspian Sea. Republic of Dagestan, Russia. The only other practicable crossing of the Caucasus ridge was over the Darial Gorge. The property that is inscribed as the Citadel, Ancient City and Fortress Buildings of Derbent covers 37.658 ha and is surrounded by a 451.554-ha buffer zone. Durin the 5t an 6t centuries Derbent becomes an important centre for spreadin the Christian faith in the Caucasus an aw. Within the historic town, many buildings survive including courtyard houses, public buildings, mosques, baths, madrasahs, and the remains of a caravanserai. The article describes a Muslim grave, dated 915 A.H. (1509-10 A.D.), found near the citadel of Derbent. All work to ensure conservation and protection of monuments within operational management is carried out in strict compliance with norms of federal and republican legislation. The inner park of the Naryn Kala citadel. That’s why this mosque has an entrance from the south rather than the north. Derbent's location on a narrow, three-kilometer strip of land in the North Caucasus between the Caspian Sea and the Caucasus mountains is strategic in the entire Caucasus region. Between the parallel defence walls, the city was built with the commercial sector close to the waterfront and the residential buildings near the citadel. Derbent Historical-Architectural and Art Museum-Reserve has the responsibility for the management of the buildings within the property that have been identified as monuments of historical and cultural heritage. In 651, the Arabs conquered Derbent, but managed to finally assimilate it just in 733-734s. From the 5th century, the town rapidly grew and fortifications were constructed in order to pre⦠Derbent (English) ÐеÑÐ±ÐµÐ½Ñ (Russ Nine of the original 14 gates survive. La ciudadela, la ciudad vieja y la fortaleza de Derbent formaban parte del dispositivo de defensa de la frontera septentrional del imperio persa de los sasánidas, que se extendÃa por el este y el oeste del Mar Caspio. Recent conservation and partial restoration of architectural monuments have used traditional building techniques, materials and substances that correspond to the appropriate historical period. In 1387, Timur conquered Azerbajan and Derbent shah Ibrahim I Derbendi was ready to subordinate to him. The World Heritage property âThe Citadel, Ancient City and Fortress Buildings of Derbentâ includes all necessary attributes demonstrating its Outstanding Universal Value, which are located inside the protected boundaries of its territory. Derbent prospered for over 1,500 years under Persian, Arab, Turkish, Azeri, Mongol, Timurid, and Russian rule due to its position on the Silk Road and geostrategic importance as the gateway to the Caucasus. The walls are up to 12 meters high and 3 meters wide, and are separated by 300 to 400 meters. It was in the position to control the traffic between Europe and the Middle East, and shield the prospering agricultural peoples of the Middle East from devastating raids of nomadic ⦠In the 5th century Derbent also functioned as a border fortress and the seat of a Sassanid marzban. Imagine if you would, using a Wall of Force to cross a relatively wide chasm, then using illusion magic to make it look like there is a bridge crossing said chasm where the wall is, purposely lose concentration while the horde of whatever is half way across the chasm, lots of falling ensues. WebGL must be enable. Ze zijn in stand gehouden tijdens de opeenvolgende regeringen tot de Russische bezetting in de 19e eeuw. The average temperature in January is +3.1 degrees Celsius, in July - +24.7 degrees C. Derbent is located on the western shore of the Caspian Sea, not far from the mouth of the Samur River, where the Caucasian mountains come closest to the Caspian Sea and leave just a narrow, 3 km wide, line of lowland. In the face of a $54.3 billion two-year deficit driven by the coronavirus pandemic, the $133.9 billion budget for the fiscal year beginning Wednesday will start to build that wall up again. The combination of unique monuments of history, architecture and archaeology together with wonderful nature landscapes and favorable climate make the whole region an important center of inner and international tourism. ÐоÑод ÐеÑÐ±ÐµÐ½Ñ ÑложилÑÑ Ð¼ÐµÐ¶Ð´Ñ ÑÑиÑ
двÑÑ
ÑÑен и ÑоÑ
Ñанил до наÑÑоÑÑего вÑемени Ñвой ÑÑедневековÑй Ñ
аÑакÑеÑ. Movses Kagankatvatsi left a graphic description o the sack o Derbent bi the hordes o Tong Yabghu o the Wastren Turkic Khaganate in 627. Wilhelmus de Rubruquis in describing the walls of Derbent (1254) relates that the whole country was largely inhabited by Jews (G. de Roubrouck, "Récit de Son Voyage," p. 280, Paris, 1877). The date on the grave refers to the period of the military actions at the walls of Derbent, particularly to the siege of the city by the troops of Shah Ismail ⦠Copyright © 2007 – 2020 russiatrek.org. Derbent (in Persian “darband” means “narrow gates”) is a city in the Dagestan Republic located in the narrow pass between the Caspian Sea and the Caucasus, the southernmost city in Russia. The museum, together with the Ministry of Culture of the Republic of Dagestan, effectively protects the sites of cultural heritage located on the territory of Derbent, using legal, financial and organizational measures. Construida entre ambas murallas, la ciudad de Derbent ha conservado una parte de su estructura urbana medieval. Derbent can claim to be the oldest occupied city in Russia, and it is the southernmost Russian city, lying only 50 km (31 miles) from the border with Azerbaijan. The town was the crossroads of civilizations connecting East and West, North and South. Nice restaurant facilities nearby as well. In 1898, Derbent was crossed by the railway Petrovsk-Port (present Makhachkala) - Baku. Its ancient name, “Caspian Gates”, was first mentioned in the 6th century B.C. The 7th century fortress and the city walls once provided a bulwark against invaders from the north. The phone code - +7 87240, the postal code - 368600. Two walls were constructed 300 to 400 m apart, extending approximately 3.6 km from the Caspian Sea up to the citadel situated on the mountain. The town has a sea port, and a railway station on the line Makhachkala - Baku. A total of nine out of the original 14 ancient gates survive. The defence structures that were built by the Sasanians in the 5th century CE were in continuous use by the succeeding Persian, Arabic, Mongol, and Timurid governments for some fifteen centuries. Derbent is situated on the western shores of the Caspian Sea, in present-day Dagestan. A new stage in the development of Derbent was related to the invasion of the Arabs in the 7th century. The walls of Derbent illustrate the fundamental trouble with barriers. In 1606, Derbent became part of Persia. The Roman Empire was greatly interested in the town, it organized its first expedition in 290-281 B.C. Federal Districts:
Two walls were constructed 300 to 400 m apart, extending approximately 3.6 km from the Caspian Sea up to the citadel situated on the mountain. Thanks for being a regular reader! The site stands on the debris of the northern walls of Derbentâs fortress. Derbent was an important part of the Great Silk way. It lies on the federal highway M29 (Rostov-na-Donu - Baku). This is a must-visit for understanding the It is a well-protected monument and you can only have a look at it from outside. In 1813, Derbent was joined to Russia. The 20m walls with thirty north-looking towers are believed to belong to the time of Kavadh's son, Khosrau I, who also directed the construction of Derbent's fortress.Kevin Alan Brook. According to Anisimov, the Jewish population in 1888 was 1,671; they had 220 houses, 160 gardens, 19 shops, 1,020 deciatines (about 2,754 acres) of land, 4 synagogues, 6 rabbis, and 8 schools with 95 pupils. This article is about the city in the Republic of Dagestan, Russia. Derbent contains two walls that are located approximately 300-400 m apart and extend nearly 4 km (2.5 miles) from the mountain citadel to the Caspian Sea. The population of Derbent is about 121,000 (2015), the area - 69.63 sq. The ancient Greek historian Herodotus mentioned “Derbentsky pass” in the 5th century B.C. Its position between the mountains and the sea illustrates the importance of its original defensive setting. Its current historic layout, street patterns, and building use are supported by historical and archaeological evidence, such as artefacts, ancient writings, old maps and plans. Derbent is situated on the shore of Caspian Sea, at a spurs of Tabasaran Mountains - a part of Great Caucasus. In 1840s and later, it experienced rapid economic growth. Publications
World Heritage Review
Series
Resource Manuals
World Heritage wall map
More publications ... Funding
World Heritage Fund
International Assistance. The Roman Empire was greatly interested in the town, it organized its first expedition in 290-281 B.C. The city has a cognac plant producing famous Derbent cognacs, and a sparkling wine plant - the only plant in Russia producing sparkling wine in souvenir and even crystal bottles.