Practical examples are used throughout this powerful volume and are grounded in the major fields of program evaluation. Realist Evaluation - an evaluation tool for human intervention services. Interviews were held with staff from the SN teams and managers, both on an individual basis and in groups. Public health interventions are complex by nature, and their evaluation requires unpacking their intervention logic and their interactions with open social systems. TCAT is a five year programme funded by Macmillan Cancer Support. Realist approaches (realist review and realist evaluation) have a specific way of expressing a middle-range theory:Context (C) + Mechanism (M) = Outcome (O)Clarifying concepts …Programme theory - an abstracted description and/or diagram that lays out what a programme (or family of programmes or intervention) comprises and how it is expected to workIntervention … Realistic Evaluation. What should be stressed in the first instance, however, is the commonality. Realist synthesis – also known as realist review – is a form of literature review. It comprises three linked studies: (1) formulating initial programme theory (IPT) through developing programme logic models to describe regional DHB working; (2) empirically testing IPT through both a qualitative process evaluation of regional DHB working using a case study design; and (3) a … Realist research approaches (realist evaluation or realist review) can help make sense of these types of interventions or programmes. Realist review--a new method of systematic review designed for complex policy interventions ... and which is based on the emerging 'realist' approach to evaluation. This introduction will help evaluators and commissioners of evaluations to decide whether a realist approach is appropriate for evaluating the impact of a particular policy or programme. The approaches are theory driven – developing structurally coherent explanations of interventions and test these against empirical data. Realist impact evaluation is an approach to impact evaluation that emphasises the importance of context for programme outcomes. evaluation approaches, alongside contribution analysis, Theory of Change-based approaches, and process tracing (Stern et al. Realist evaluation is a species of theory-driven evaluation. Realist evaluation provides an overall methodological approach for the project and will guide development, testing and refining of middle-range theories through the analysis of the relationships between the context (at macro, meso and micro levels), mechanisms and outcomes [].We will use social science methods to explore views of key actor groups. Realist Evaluation has been described as less of an evaluation method and more of “a way of thinking” . We value this conceptualisation of RE being an approach to the exploration and explanation of findings generated from various methods of evaluation and quantitative and data analysis. Programme theory (ideas and assumptions of how a particular intervention works) development is the first step in a realist evaluation or a realist synthesis, with literature reviews providing important evidence to support this. This paper describes an evaluation protocol for large-scale policy initiatives that are intended to induce a sustainable shift in the health care system towards increasingly person-centred integrated care. This research uses a mixed methods realist evaluation design. Discussion. … The evaluation design is informed by initial programme theory or theories, and ‘tests’ important or priority aspects of these. Realist review can use published peer-reviewed articles, evaluation reports, other gray literature, existing data sets (for example census information) and in some cases, interviews to supplement the literature. Realist evaluation uses a theory-driven approach to evaluate healthcare or social programmes. If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. As far as analysis is concerned, whilst both induction and deduction are used in critical realist research, the need to move from the empirical to the real (causal mechanisms) means that th e Realist evaluation uses a mixed methods approach to data collection which involves the collection, analysis and interpretation of both quantitative and qualitative data in a single study . By focusing on the interrelationships between context, mechanism, and outcome, Pawson and Tilley’s realist approach appears a promising innovation for public health-related evaluation works. Realist evaluation as an approach is still developing and there is no standardised approach to conducting a realist evaluation 20. and documentary analysis. In realist evaluation the researcher or evaluator’s task is to gather the data – i.e. Realist Evaluation. Keywords: Realist evaluation, Realism, Complex health interventions, Mechanisms, Context, Implementation, Primary health care Background The concept of “mechanism” has become a very popular analytic device in applied social science, and particularly in health services and policy research. This realist evaluation (RE) is located within a 5 year na-tional programme of Transforming Care After Treat-ment in Scotland (TCAT) [24, 25]. Some of the differences between it and fellow members of the genus (programme theory evaluation, theories-of-change evaluation) will be noted in the course of the section. The contribution of realist evaluation to critical analysis of the effectiveness of entrepreneurship education competitions. shows how program evaluation needs to be, and can be bettered. Theory-based approaches are valuable because they explain why programmes work, rather than ‘A realist approach appealed as a way to evaluate an initiative working in challenging and complex international contexts. analysis for realist research and realist evaluation. The book offers a complete blueprint for evaluation activities, covering design to data collection and analysis to the accumulation of findings across programs and onto the realization of research into policy. Our RE approach to analysis. Design: A multimethod study design was undertaken using realist evaluation methodology. 2012). Pawson and Tilley state that the aim of analysis of realist evaluation data is to ‘draw closer to explaining the complex signature of outcomes’ that an intervention may produce . Results . Ample time for analysis and iterative thinking needs to be factored into project timelines. As such, the quantitative outcome analysis and the realist evaluation are combined in a sequential triangulation with a cyclical nature . It requires a specific way of thinking, theorising, interviewing, coding and analysing (based on an underlying realist philosophy), ideally through an iterative approach involving multiple rounds of data collection. Within realist evaluation, analysis is driven by identifying causal processes ... Realist evaluation approach has gained traction in recent years, and has been successfully used to evaluate programmes in diverse fields, including health service research and others [40, 41]. What was planned in the evaluation design, in what order and why is described and justified in detail.
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